Reading as skill and as input: extensive reading, fluency, background knowledge, and exam reading strategies (distractors).
Where the sources disagree
- ER vs exam reading: extensive and speed reading train fluent, gist-level processing; exam items reward careful reading for distractors. Teach both and tell learners which mode a task needs. (Claude)
Extensive reading and fluency
- Library-based extensive reading as implicit learning
- Reading fluency - speed reading and repeat reading drills
- Output tasks after reading boost vocabulary retention
Comprehension and engagement
- Pre-reading builds the background a text assumes
- Affective reading - add personal and emotional engagement to a text
- Headlines - a low-prep news lesson built from students’ own texts
Exam reading
Key terms (DELTA M1)
extensive vs intensive reading · graded readers · lexical coverage (95–98%, Nation; Hu & Nation 2000) · reading fluency (wpm) · schema theory (content vs formal schemata) · top-down vs bottom-up · skimming / scanning · distractor